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A channel or canal surface is a surface formed as the envelope of a family of spheres whose centers lie on a space curve, its ''directrix''. If the radii of the generating spheres are constant the canal surface is called pipe surface. Simple examples are: * right circular cylinder (pipe surface, directrix is a line, the axis of the cylinder) * torus (pipe surface, directrix is a circle), * right circular cone (canal surface, directrix is a line (the axis), radii of the spheres not constant), * surface of revolution (canal surface, directrix is a line), Canal surfaces play an essential role in descriptive geometry, because in case of an orthographic projection its contour curve can be drawn as the envelope of circles. *In technical area canal surfaces can be used for ''blending surfaces'' smoothly. == Envelope of a pencil of implicit surfaces == Given the pencil of implicit surfaces :. Two neighboring surfaces and intersect in a curve that fulfills the equations : and . For the limit one gets . The last equation is the reason for the following definition * Let be a 1-parameter pencil of regular implicit - surfaces ( is at least twice continuously differentiable). The surface defined by the two equations *: is the envelope of the given pencil of surfaces.〔(''Geometry and Algorithms for COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN'' ), p. 115〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「channel surface」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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